18/4. Chapter:

The length of the journey that makes it permissible to offer a shortened prayer?

وَسَمَّى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا وَلَيْلَةً سَفَرًا. وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ يَقْصُرَانِ وَيُفْطِرَانِ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ بُرُدٍ وَهْيَ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ فَرْسَخًا.The Prophet ﷺ called a journey of one day and one night as travelling. Ibn 'Umar, Ibn 'Abbas رضي الله عنهما used to shorten the Salat and stop fasting in a journey of four Burud, i.e. sixteen Farsakh (distance of 3 miles equals one Farsakh). ​​

Sahih BukhariHadith Number 1088

حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ الْمَقْبُرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ لاَ يَحِلُّ لاِمْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ أَنْ تُسَافِرَ مَسِيرَةَ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ لَيْسَ مَعَهَا حُرْمَةٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ تَابَعَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ وَسُهَيْلٌ وَمَالِكٌ عَنِ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه‏.‏

Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to travel for one day and night except with a Mahram."

Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 1088In-book reference : Book 18, Hadith 9USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 20, Hadith 194

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