55/3. Chapter:
To will one-third of one's property
وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ لاَ يَجُوزُ لِلذِّمِّيِّ وَصِيَّةٌ إِلاَّ الثُّلُثُ. وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {وَأَنِ احْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ}.Al-Hasan said, “A Dhimmi (i.e., a non-Muslim living under the protection of an Islamic government) is not allowed to will more than one-third of his property. And Allah عز وجل said: “And so judge (you O Muhammad ﷺ) among them by what Allah has revealed…” (V.5:49)
Sahih Bukhari : 2744
Sahih BukhariHadith Number 2744
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ، حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ، عَنْ هَاشِمِ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ مَرِضْتُ فَعَادَنِي النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ لاَ يَرُدَّنِي عَلَى عَقِبِي. قَالَ " لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يَرْفَعُكَ وَيَنْفَعُ بِكَ نَاسًا ". قُلْتُ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُوصِيَ، وَإِنَّمَا لِي ابْنَةٌ ـ قُلْتُ ـ أُوصِي بِالنِّصْفِ قَالَ " النِّصْفُ كَثِيرٌ ". قُلْتُ فَالثُّلُثِ. قَالَ " الثُّلُثُ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ أَوْ كَبِيرٌ ". قَالَ فَأَوْصَى النَّاسُ بِالثُّلُثِ، وَجَازَ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ.
Narrated Sa`d: I fell sick and the Prophet (ﷺ) paid me a visit. I said to him, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I invoke Allah that He may not let me expire in the land whence I migrated (i.e. Mecca)." He said, "May Allah give you health and let the people benefit by you." I said, "I want to will my property, and I have only one daughter and I want to will half of my property (to be given in charity)." He said," Half is too much." I said, "Then I will one third." He said, "One-third, yet even one-third is too much." (The narrator added, "So the people started to will one third of their property and that was Permitted for them.")
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 2744In-book reference : Book 55, Hadith 7USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 4, Book 51, Hadith 7
