64/14. Chapter:
Sahih Bukhari 4036 — Abu Bakr on the Prophet's Left Property
The story of Bani An-Nadir
وَمَخْرَجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي دِيَةِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ، وَمَا أَرَادُوا مِنَ الْغَدْرِ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ مِنْ وَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ قَبْلَ أُحُدٍ. وَقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {هُوَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ لأَوَّلِ الْحَشْرِ} وَجَعَلَهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بَعْدَ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ وَأُحُدٍ.Urwa bin Az-Zubair said, "This incident (i.e., the Ghazwa of Bani An-Nadir) took place six months after the battle of Badr and before the battle of Uhud." And the Statement of Allah جل جلاله: "He it is Who drove out the disbelievers among the people of the Scripture (i.e. the Jews of the tribe of Bani-An-Nadir) from their homes at the first gathering..." (V. 59:2) Ibn Ishaq thinks that it (i.e., that Ghazwa) took place after the (event of) Bi'r Ma'una and (the Ghazwa) of Uhud.
Hadith About Abu Bakr, Fadak, and the Prophet's Family Sustenance
Sahih Bukhari : 4036
Sahih BukhariHadith Number 4036
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ـ عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ ـ وَالْعَبَّاسَ أَتَيَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ يَلْتَمِسَانِ مِيرَاثَهُمَا، أَرْضَهُ مِنْ فَدَكٍ، وَسَهْمَهُ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " لاَ نُورَثُ، مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ، إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ ". وَاللَّهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ أَنْ أَصِلَ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي.
A'isha Narrated from:
Fatima and Al-`Abbas came to Abu Bakr, claiming their inheritance of the Prophet's land of Fadak and his share from Khaibar. Abu Bakr said, "I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, 'Our property is not inherited, and whatever we leave is to be given in charity. But the family of Muhammad can take their sustenance from this property.' By Allah, I would love to do good to the Kith and kin of Allah's Apostle rather than to my own Kith and kin."
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 4035, 4036In-book reference : Book 64, Hadith 83USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 5, Book 59, Hadith 368
Summary of Sahih Bukhari Hadith 4036
This Hadith repeats the report of Fatima and Al-Abbas coming to Abu Bakr regarding the Prophet's land of Fadak and his share from Khaibar. Abu Bakr said he heard the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) say that his property is not inherited and what is left is charity. At the same time, the Hadith states that the family of Muhammad may take their sustenance from this property. This gives the report its balance: it is not a story of ignoring the Prophet's family, but a report about following a specific prophetic statement while allowing family maintenance from that property. For people searching no inheritance from prophets Hadith, this narration should be read with both parts together.
What we learn from this hadith
- The Hadith joins the charity rule with family sustenance.
- Abu Bakr said he loved maintaining ties with the Prophet's relatives.
- Claims were answered through a saying attributed directly to the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم).
