21/1. Chapter:
Sahih Muslim 1512a — Fair Trade and Clear Inspection
The invalidity of Mulamasah and Munabadhah transactions
Hadith About Fair Trade and Clear Agreement
Sahih Muslim : 1512a
Sahih MuslimHadith Number 1512a
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ، وَحَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، - وَاللَّفْظُ لِحَرْمَلَةَ - قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ، وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَامِرُ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، أَنَّ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ، الْخُدْرِيَّ قَالَ نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ وَلِبْسَتَيْنِ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُلاَمَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ فِي الْبَيْعِ . وَالْمُلاَمَسَةُ لَمْسُ الرَّجُلِ ثَوْبَ الآخَرِ بِيَدِهِ بِاللَّيْلِ أَوْ بِالنَّهَارِ وَلاَ يَقْلِبُهُ إِلاَّ بِذَلِكَ وَالْمُنَابَذَةُ أَنْ يَنْبِذَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ بِثَوْبِهِ وَيَنْبِذَ الآخَرُ إِلَيْهِ ثَوْبَهُ وَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ بَيْعَهُمَا مِنْ غَيْرِ نَظَرٍ وَلاَ تَرَاضٍ .
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri Narrated from:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade us (from), two types of business transactions and two ways of dressing. He forbade Mulamasa and Munabadha in transactions. Mulamasa means the touching of another's garment with his hand, whether at night or by day, without turning it over except this much. Munabadha means that a man throws his garment to another and the other throws his garment, and thus confirming their contract without the inspection of mutual agreement.
Reference : Sahih Muslim 1512aIn-book reference : Book 21, Hadith 6USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 10, Hadith 3613
Summary of Sahih Muslim Hadith 1512a
This hadith about fair trade shows that Islam does not accept business deals built on confusion. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم forbade Mulamasa and Munabadha in transactions. Mulamasa is when a person touches another person’s garment and the sale becomes binding without properly looking at it. Munabadha is when two people throw garments to each other and treat that as a completed deal without inspection or mutual agreement. The main message is simple: a sale should be clear, fair, and based on real consent. A buyer should know what he is buying, and a seller should not depend on unclear methods. This hadith is strongly connected to Islamic business ethics, honest buying and selling, and avoiding uncertain transactions.
What we learn from this hadith
- Business deals should be based on clear inspection, not blind touching or guessing.
- Mutual agreement matters in buying and selling.
- A sale should not be completed through unclear actions like throwing items.
- Fair trade protects both the buyer and the seller from confusion.
