33/18. Chapter:
Sahih Muslim 1856c — Companions of the Tree
It is recommended for the army to swear allegiance to the ruler when intending to fight, and an account of Bay'at Ar-Ridwan beneath the tree
Companions of the Tree Hadith: The Hudaibiyah Pledge
Sahih Muslim : 1856c
Sahih MuslimHadith Number 1856c
وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ، سَمِعَ جَابِرًا، يُسْأَلُ كَمْ كَانُوا يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ قَالَ كُنَّا أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً فَبَايَعْنَاهُ وَعُمَرُ آخِذٌ بِيَدِهِ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ وَهِيَ سَمُرَةٌ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ غَيْرَ جَدِّ ابْنِ قَيْسٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ اخْتَبَأَ تَحْتَ بَطْنِ بَعِيرِهِ.
Jabir Narrated from:
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Zubair who heard Jabir being questioned as to how many people were there on the Day of Hudaibiya. He replied: We were fourteen hundred. We swore fealty to him, and Umar was holding his hand while he was sitting under the tree (to administer the oath). The tree was a samura (a wild tree found in deserts). All of as took the oath of fealty at his hands except Jadd b. Qais al-Ansari who hid himself under the belly of his camel.
Reference : Sahih Muslim 1856cIn-book reference : Book 33, Hadith 106USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 20, Hadith 4578
Summary of Sahih Muslim Hadith 1856c
This Hadith records the number and scene of the Companions of the Tree at Hudaibiyah. Jabir was asked how many people were present, and he answered that they were fourteen hundred. He also said they pledged to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم while 'Umar held his hand under a Samura tree. The report adds that all took the pledge except Jadd b. Qais al-Ansari, who hid under the belly of his camel. For readers searching for Companions of the Tree Hadith or Hudaibiyah pledge number, this report is useful because it gives concrete details. It is not only about a pledge. It also records who was present, where it happened, and one exception mentioned by name.
What we learn from this hadith
- The report preserves the number of people at Hudaibiyah as fourteen hundred.
- The pledge took place under a Samura tree, with 'Umar holding the Prophet’s hand.
- Not everyone present is described as taking the pledge; one exception is named.
- Historical details in Hadith should be carried with care.
