42/23. Chapter:

Jami at-Tirmidhi 2716 — Letters Calling Rulers to Allah

Regarding The Letters To The Idolaters

Hadith About the Prophet’s Letters to Rulers

Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 2716

حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الأَعْلَى، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَتَبَ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ إِلَى كِسْرَى وَإِلَى قَيْصَرَ وَإِلَى النَّجَاشِيِّ وَإِلَى كُلِّ جَبَّارٍ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَلَيْسَ بِالنَّجَاشِيِّ الَّذِي صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏

Anas bin Malik Narrated from:

Before He Died, The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Had Written To Kisra, Ceasar, An-Najashi, And To Every Tyrant Calling Them To Allah. This An-Najashi Is Not The One That The Prophet (ﷺ) Performed To The Funeral Salat For.

Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2716In-book reference : Book 42, Hadith 29English translation : Vol. 5, Book 40, Hadith 2716

Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 2716

This hadith about the Prophet’s letters to rulers says that before he died, the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم wrote to Kisra, Caesar, An-Najashi, and every tyrant, calling them to Allah. The narration also clarifies that this An-Najashi was not the same An-Najashi for whom the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم performed the funeral prayer. The core teaching is about written da'wah through letters. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم used written communication to invite powerful figures to Allah. The hadith about letters in Islam shows that the message was not limited to spoken meetings. It was also sent in writing to people of authority. The text is focused on invitation to Allah, not on extra political detail beyond what is mentioned.

What we learn from this hadith

  • The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم wrote to rulers before his death.
  • The purpose stated in the hadith was calling them to Allah.
  • Written letters were used for serious communication.
  • The narration clarifies which An-Najashi is being mentioned.

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