29/10. Chapter:
Sahih Muslim 1709a — Pledge Against Major Sins
The Hadd punishments are an expiation for those on whom they are carried out
Hadith About Pledge of Allegiance: Avoid Shirk, Zina, Theft, and Murder
Sahih Muslim : 1709a
Sahih MuslimHadith Number 1709a
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى التَّمِيمِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَعَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ كُلُّهُمْ عَنِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ، - وَاللَّفْظُ لِعَمْرٍو قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي مَجْلِسٍ فَقَالَ " تُبَايِعُونِي عَلَى أَنْ لاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلاَ تَزْنُوا وَلاَ تَسْرِقُوا وَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ فَمَنْ وَفَى مِنْكُمْ فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَمَنْ أَصَابَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَعُوقِبَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ وَمَنْ أَصَابَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَسَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَأَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا عَنْهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ " .
'Ubadah bin As-Samit Narrated from:
While we were in the company of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) he said: Swear allegiance to me that you will not associate anything with Allah, that you will not commit adultery, that you will not steal, that you will not take any life which it is forbidden by Allah to take but with (legal) justification; and whoever among you fulfils it, his reward is with Allah and he who commits any such thing and is punished for it, that will be all atonement for it And if anyone commits anything and Allah conceals (his faults), his matter rests with Allah. He may forgive if He likes, and He may punish him if He likes.
Reference : Sahih Muslim 1709aIn-book reference : Book 29, Hadith 64USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 17, Hadith 4235
Summary of Sahih Muslim Hadith 1709a
This hadith about pledge of allegiance records the words of the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم to his Companions. He asked them to swear allegiance that they would not associate anything with Allah, would not commit adultery, would not steal, and would not take a life forbidden by Allah except with legal justification. He then explained the outcome. Whoever fulfils the pledge has his reward with Allah. Whoever commits one of these acts and is punished for it, that punishment is an atonement for him. Whoever commits something and Allah conceals it, his matter rests with Allah: He may forgive him if He wills, and He may punish him if He wills. The hadith links faith, moral conduct, accountability, and hope in Allah’s decision.
What we learn from this hadith
- The pledge includes avoiding shirk, zina, theft, and unlawful killing.
- Punishment carried out for such an act is described as atonement.
- If Allah conceals a sin, the person’s matter rests with Allah.
