44/15. Chapter:
Sahih Muslim 2449d — Ali Leaves the Proposal
The Virtues Of Fatimah (RA), The Daughter Of The Prophet (SAW)
Ali's Proposal and the Honor of Fatimah Hadith
Sahih Muslim : 2449d
Sahih MuslimHadith Number 2449d
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، أَنَّ الْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ خَطَبَ بِنْتَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَعِنْدَهُ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ بِذَلِكَ فَاطِمَةُ أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَتْ لَهُ إِنَّ قَوْمَكَ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ أَنَّكَ لاَ تَغْضَبُ لِبَنَاتِكَ وَهَذَا عَلِيٌّ نَاكِحًا ابْنَةَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ . قَالَ الْمِسْوَرُ فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَسَمِعْتُهُ حِينَ تَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ " أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَنْكَحْتُ أَبَا الْعَاصِ بْنَ الرَّبِيعِ فَحَدَّثَنِي فَصَدَقَنِي وَإِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ مُضْغَةٌ مِنِّي وَإِنَّمَا أَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَفْتِنُوهَا وَإِنَّهَا وَاللَّهِ لاَ تَجْتَمِعُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَبِنْتُ عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ أَبَدًا " . قَالَ فَتَرَكَ عَلِيٌّ الْخِطْبَةَ .
Al-Miswar bin Makhrama Narrated from:
'Ali b. Abi Talib sent the proposal of marriage to the daughter of Abu Jahl as he had Fatima, the daughter of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), (as his wife). When Fatima heard about it, she came to Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and said: The people say that you never feel angry on account of your daughters and now 'Ali is going to marry the daughter of Abu Jahl.Makhramah said: Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) rose up and I heard him reciting Tashahhud and say: Now to the point. I gave a daughter of mine (Zainab) to Abu'l-'As b. Rabi, and he spoke to me and spoke the truth. Verily Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad, is a part of me and I do not approve that she may be put to any trial and by Allah, the daughter of Allah's Messenger cannot be combined with the daughter of God's enemy (as the co-wives) of one person. Thereupon 'Ali gave up (the idea of his intended) marriage.
Reference : Sahih Muslim 2449dIn-book reference : Book 44, Hadith 140USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 31, Hadith 6002
Summary of Sahih Muslim Hadith 2449d
This Hadith explains the event of Ali's proposal to the daughter of Abu Jahl while Fatimah, the daughter of Allah's Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم), was with him. When Fatimah heard about it, she came to the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم). The Prophet stood, recited the tashahhud, and spoke clearly. He praised Abu'l-As b. Rabi for speaking truthfully, then said that Fatimah bint Muhammad is a part of him. He disliked that she be put through trial. He also said that the daughter of Allah's Messenger and the daughter of Allah's enemy would not be joined with one man. The report ends by saying that Ali left the proposal. The focus is Fatimah's honor and the Prophet's care for her.
What we learn from this hadith
- Fatimah brought her concern to the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) when she felt distress.
- The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) responded publicly and protected her from trial.
- Truthfulness in family ties is praised in the sermon.
- Ali left the proposal after the Prophet's words.
