17/5. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 1429 — Four Confessions and Legal Check
What Has Been Related About Averting The Legal Punishments From The One Who Confessed If He Changes His Mind
Hadith About Four Confessions Before Judgment
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 1429
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 1429
حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلاَّلُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَنْبَأَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، مِنْ أَسْلَمَ جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَاعْتَرَفَ بِالزِّنَا فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ اعْتَرَفَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ حَتَّى شَهِدَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَبِكَ جُنُونٌ " . قَالَ لاَ . قَالَ " أَحْصَنْتَ " . قَالَ نَعَمْ . قَالَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَرُجِمَ بِالْمُصَلَّى فَلَمَّا أَذْلَقَتْهُ الْحِجَارَةُ فَرَّ فَأُدْرِكَ فَرُجِمَ حَتَّى مَاتَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم خَيْرًا وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهِ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ الْمُعْتَرِفَ بِالزِّنَا إِذَا أَقَرَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ أُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ . وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ إِذَا أَقَرَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ مَرَّةً أُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ . وَحُجَّةُ مَنْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ اخْتَصَمَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ابْنِي زَنَى بِامْرَأَةِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " اغْدُ يَا أُنَيْسُ عَلَى امْرَأَةِ هَذَا فَإِنِ اعْتَرَفَتْ فَارْجُمْهَا " . وَلَمْ يَقُلْ فَإِنِ اعْتَرَفَتْ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ .
Jabir bin `Abdullah Narrated from:
A Man From The Tribe Of Aslam Came To The Prophet (ﷺ) And Confessed Adultery. He Turned Away From Him, The He Confessed (Again). Then He Turned Away From Him (Again) Until He Had Testified Against Himself Four Times. So The Prophet (ﷺ) Said: "Are You Insane?" He Said:"No" He Said: "Are You Married?" He Said: "Yes". So He Gave The Order And He Was Stoned At The Musalla. He Ran When He Was Stuck By The Stones, And He Was Caught And Stoned Until He Died. So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Spoke Well Of Him But He Did Not Perform The (Funeral) Salat For Him.
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1429In-book reference : Book 17, Hadith 9English translation : Vol. 3, Book 15, Hadith 1429
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 1429
This hadith about confession gives important details from the case of a man from Aslam. He came to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and confessed adultery. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم turned away from him, and this happened until the man testified against himself four times. Then the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم asked, "Are you insane?" He said no. He asked, "Are you married?" He said yes. After that, the order was given and he was stoned at the Musalla. The hadith also says that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم spoke well of him but did not perform the funeral prayer for him. The text shows careful checking before judgment.
What we learn from this hadith
- The confession was repeated four times before the legal order.
- The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم asked about the man's mental state.
- The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم asked whether the man was married.
- The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم spoke well of him after the event, as stated in the hadith.
