21/29. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 1582 — Sa'd bin Mu'adh and Banu Quraizah
What Has Been Related About Cessation For Arbitration
Sa'd bin Mu'adh Judgment Hadith and His Final Trial
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 1582
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 1582
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ رُمِيَ يَوْمَ الأَحْزَابِ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ فَقَطَعُوا أَكْحَلَهُ أَوْ أَبْجَلَهُ فَحَسَمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِالنَّارِ فَانْتَفَخَتْ يَدُهُ فَتَرَكَهُ فَنَزَفَهُ الدَّمُ فَحَسَمَهُ أُخْرَى فَانْتَفَخَتْ يَدُهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ لاَ تُخْرِجْ نَفْسِي حَتَّى تُقِرَّ عَيْنِي مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ . فَاسْتَمْسَكَ عِرْقُهُ فَمَا قَطَرَ قَطْرَةً حَتَّى نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَحَكَمَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ رِجَالُهُمْ وَيُسْتَحْيَى نِسَاؤُهُمْ يَسْتَعِينُ بِهِنَّ الْمُسْلِمُونَ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَصَبْتَ حُكْمَ اللَّهِ فِيهِمْ " . وَكَانُوا أَرْبَعَمِائَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قَتْلِهِمُ انْفَتَقَ عِرْقُهُ فَمَاتَ . قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَعَطِيَّةَ الْقُرَظِيِّ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .
Jabir Narrated from:
On The Day Of (The Battle Of) Al-Ahzab, Sa'D Bin Mu'Adh Was Struck By An Arrow Such That The Upper Vein Or Lower Vein Of His Forearm Was Severed. So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Tried To Stop It With Fire, But It Made His Arm Bleed Profusely So He Left It. Then He Did It Another Time But It Caused It To Bleed Profusely. Upon Seeing That He Said: 'O Allah! Do Not Allow My Soul Depart Until My Eyes Are Comforted By Elimination Of Banu Quraizah.'He Pressed His Vein Closed And It Did Not Bleed A Drop Before They Surrendered To The Arbitration Of Sa'D Bin Mu'Adh. He (The Prophet (ﷺ)) Sent To Him (Sa'D) Who Judged That Their Men Should Be Killed, Their Women Should Be Spared, And That The Muslims May Share Them Among Themselves. With This, The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Said: 'You Have Judged According To Allah'S Judgement For Them.' And They Were Four Hundred. Then When He Finished Killing Them, His Vein Opened Up And He Died.[He Said:] There Are Narrations On This Topic From Abu Sa'Eed And 'Atiyyah Al-Qurazi.[Abu 'Eisa Said:] This Hadith Is Hasan Sahih.
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1582In-book reference : Book 21, Hadith 44English translation : Vol. 3, Book 19, Hadith 1582
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 1582
This hadith centers on Sa'd bin Mu'adh and the judgment concerning Banu Quraizah. The report says he was wounded during the Battle of Al-Ahzab, and the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم tried to treat the bleeding with fire. When the wound kept swelling and bleeding, Sa'd prayed that his soul not leave until his eyes were comforted regarding Banu Quraizah. The narration then says they accepted his arbitration, and he gave his judgment. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said that he had judged according to Allah's judgment for them. The hadith about Sa'd bin Mu'adh is often searched with terms like Banu Quraizah judgment and Battle of Ahzab hadith. The explanation should stay close to the text: it shows a Companion wounded, still concerned about a serious matter, and then dying after that matter was completed.
What we learn from this hadith
- Sa'd bin Mu'adh remained focused on a major responsibility while wounded.
- The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم treated his wound and later affirmed his judgment.
- The hadith links Sa'd's prayer with the surrender and arbitration of Banu Quraizah.
- The report shows that his death came after the matter he asked about was completed.
