23/31. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 1711 — Age of Manhood
What Has Been Related About the (Age) Of Adulthood For A Man And When He Is To Recieve A Salary
Hadith About Age Fifteen and Responsibility
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 1711
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 1711
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَزِيرِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الأَزْرَقُ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ عُرِضْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي جَيْشٍ وَأَنَا ابْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشَرَةَ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْنِي ثُمَّ عُرِضْتُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ قَابِلٍ فِي جَيْشٍ وَأَنَا ابْنُ خَمْسَ عَشَرَةَ فَقَبِلَنِي . قَالَ نَافِعٌ فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فَقَالَ هَذَا حَدُّ مَا بَيْنَ الصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ . ثُمَّ كَتَبَ أَنْ يُفْرَضَ لِمَنْ بَلَغَ الْخَمْسَ عَشَرَةَ .حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، نَحْوَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ هَذَا حَدُّ مَا بَيْنَ الذُّرِّيَّةِ وَالْمُقَاتِلَةِ . وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ أَنْ يُفْرَضَ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ .
Ibn 'Umar Narrated from:
I Was Reviewed Before Army, And I Was Fourteen Years Old, But He Did Not Accept Me. Then I Was Reviewed Before Him Later In Army While I Was Fifteen Years Old, And He Accepted Me." Nafi Said: "I Narrated This Hadith To 'Umar Bin 'Abdul-'Aziz And He Said: 'This Is The Limit That Distinguishes Between Youth And Manhood.' The He Wrote To Give Salaries To Whoever Reached Fifteen Years Of Age.Another Chain With Similar, But He (Nafi') Said: "Umar [Bin 'Abdul-'Aziz] Said: 'This Is The Limit That Distinguished Between Children And Soldiers.'" And He Did Not Mention Him Writing About The Salary [Abu 'Eisa Said:] The Hadith Of Ishaq Bin Yusuf Is A Hasan Sahih Gharib Hadith As Narration Of Sufyan Ath-Thawri
[1] See no. 1361.Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1711In-book reference : Book 23, Hadith 44,45English translation : Vol. 3, Book 21, Hadith 1711
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 1711
This hadith about age fifteen and responsibility describes Ibn Umar being reviewed before the army. At fourteen, he was not accepted. The next year, at fifteen, he was accepted. Nafi later narrated this to Umar bin Abdul-Aziz, who said this was the limit between youth and manhood, and he wrote to give salaries to those who reached fifteen. Another wording says it distinguished between children and soldiers. The text is focused on army review and public treatment at that age. It should not be turned into a wider ruling without stating that scholars discuss such matters separately.
What we learn from this hadith
- Ibn Umar was not accepted at fourteen in this report.
- He was accepted when he was fifteen.
- Umar bin Abdul-Aziz treated fifteen as a dividing age in this context.
- The narration shows attention to age and responsibility.
