40/1. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 2607 — Salat and Zakat Together
What Has Been Related About "I Have Been Ordered To Fight The People Until They Say: La Ilaha Illallah"
Hadith About Salat, Zakat, and Public Duties
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 2607
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 2607
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَاسْتُخْلِفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَعْدَهُ كَفَرَ مَنْ كَفَرَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ كَيْفَ تُقَاتِلُ النَّاسَ وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ قَالَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ عَصَمَ مِنِّي مَالَهُ وَنَفْسَهُ إِلاَّ بِحَقِّهِ وَحِسَابُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ " . قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَاللَّهِ لأُقَاتِلَنَّ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الزَّكَاةِ وَالصَّلاَةِ فَإِنَّ الزَّكَاةَ حَقُّ الْمَالِ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ مَنَعُونِي عِقَالاً كَانُوا يُؤَدُّونَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لَقَاتَلْتُهُمْ عَلَى مَنْعِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إِلاَّ أَنْ رَأَيْتُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ شَرَحَ صَدْرَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ لِلْقِتَالِ فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَهَكَذَا رَوَى شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ . وَرَوَى عِمْرَانُ الْقَطَّانُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ حَدِيثٌ خَطَأٌ وَقَدْ خُولِفَ عِمْرَانُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ .
Abu Hurairah Narrated from:
When The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Died And Abu Bakr Became The Khalifah After Him, Whoever Disbelieved From The Arabs Disbelieved, So Umar Bin Al-Khattab Said To Abu Bakr: 'How Will You Fight The People While The Messenger Of Allah Has Said: 'I Have Been Ordered To Fight The People Until They Say La Ilaha Illallah, And If They Say That, Then Their Blood And Wealth Will Be Protected From Me, Except What It Makes Obligatory Upon Them, And Their Reckoning Is With Allah?'So Abu Bakr Said: 'By Allah I Will Fight Whoever Differentiates Between Salat And Zakat. For Indeed, Zakat Is The Right Due Upon Wealth. And By Allah! If They Withhold Even (Camel) Tethers Which They Used To Give To The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) I Will Fight Them For Withholding It.' So Umar Bin Al-Khattab Said: 'By Allah! I Saw That Allah Had Opened Abu Bakr'S Chest To Fighting, So I Knew That It Was Correct.'
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2607In-book reference : Book 40, Hadith 2English translation : Vol. 5, Book 38, Hadith 2607
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 2607
This hadith about Salat and Zakat together shows a discussion after the death of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w). Umar asked Abu Bakr how he would fight people while the Prophet had said that whoever says La Ilaha Illallah has protected his life and wealth except by its right. Abu Bakr answered that he would fight those who separated Zakat from Salat, because Zakat is the right due upon wealth. He even mentioned a small item they used to give to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w). Umar then understood that Allah had opened Abu Bakr’s chest to that decision. The hadith shows that Islam includes public duties, not only words.
What we learn from this hadith
- The hadith links Salat and Zakat as public duties of Islam.
- Zakat is described as a right due upon wealth.
- The statement of faith has protection, but the text mentions due rights as well.
- Umar accepted Abu Bakr’s reasoning after recognizing it as correct.
