47/8. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 3075 — Covenant of Adam's Children
Regarding Surat Al-A'raf
Hadith About the Covenant of Adam's Offspring
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 3075
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 3075
حَدَّثَنَا الأَنْصَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنٌ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، سُئِلَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الآيَةِِ ( وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَلَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى شَهِدْنَا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَذَا غَافِلِينَ ) قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم سُئِلُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ آدَمَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلاَءِ لِلْجَنَّةِ وَبِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَعْمَلُونَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلاَءِ لِلنَّارِ وَبِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَعْمَلُونَ " . فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا خَلَقَ الْعَبْدَ لِلْجَنَّةِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ عَلَى عَمَلٍ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيُدْخِلَهُ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَإِذَا خَلَقَ الْعَبْدَ لِلنَّارِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ عَلَى عَمَلٍ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَيُدْخِلَهُ اللَّهُ النَّارَ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ . وَمُسْلِمُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ عُمَرَ وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي هَذَا الإِسْنَادِ بَيْنَ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَبَيْنَ عُمَرَ رَجُلاً مَجْهُولاً .
Muslim bin Yasar Al-Juhani Narrated from:
'Umar Bin Al-Khattab Was Asked About This Ayah: And When Your Lord Brought Forth From The Children Of Adam, From Their Loins, Their Seed And Made Them Testify As To Themselves: "Am I Not Your Lord?" They Said: "Yes! We Testify," Lest You Should Say On The Day Of Resurrection: 'Verily, We Have Been Unaware Of This (7:172).'" So 'Umar Bin Al-Khattab Said: "I Heard The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Being Asked About It. So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Said: 'Indeed Allah Created Adam, Then He Wiped His Back With His Right Hand, And His Offspring Came Out Of Him. So He Said: "I Created These For Paradise, And They Will Do The Deeds Of The People Of Paradise." Then He Wiped His Back, And His Offspring Came Out Of Him. So He Said: "I Created These For The Fire, And They Will Do The Deeds Of The People Of The Fire." A Man Said: 'Then Of What Good Is Doing Deeds O Messenger Of Allah!' The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Said: 'Verily, When Allah Created A Man For Paradise, He Makes Him Perform The Deeds Of The People Of Paradise, Until He Dies Doing One Of The Deeds Of The People Of Paradise. So Allah Will Admit Him Into Paradise. And When He Created A Man For The Fire, He Makes Him Perform The Deeds Of The People Of The Fire Until He Dies Doing The Deeds Of The People Of The Fire. So Allah Will Enter Him Into The Fire.'"
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3075In-book reference : Book 47, Hadith 127English translation : Vol. 5, Book 44, Hadith 3075
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 3075
This hadith about the covenant of Adam's offspring was narrated when Umar was asked about the verse: Am I not your Lord? They said: Yes, we testify. Umar said he heard the Messenger of Allah being asked about it. The Prophet said that Allah created Adam, wiped his back, and brought forth offspring. Some were described as created for Paradise and doing the deeds of the people of Paradise. Others were described as created for the Fire and doing the deeds of the people of the Fire. When a man asked what benefit deeds have, the Prophet answered that Allah makes a person do the deeds of the people of his final end until he dies upon that. The hadith centers on Allah's knowledge, decree, and the importance of one's final deeds.
What we learn from this hadith
- The hadith explains the verse about the children of Adam testifying to Allah's Lordship.
- The narration links final outcome with the deeds a person dies upon.
- A question was asked about the value of deeds, and the Prophet answered it.
- The text teaches belief in Allah's decree without dismissing deeds.
