49/19. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 3706 — Ibn Umar Defends Uthman
About The Virtues Of 'Uthman bin 'Affan, May Allah Be Pleased With Him,, And That He Has Two Kunyahs: He Is Called Abu 'Amr and Abu 'Abdullah
Hadith About Ibn Umar Defending Uthman
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 3706
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 3706
حَدَّثَنَا صَالِحُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، مِنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ فَرَأَى قَوْمًا جُلُوسًا فَقَالَ مَنْ هَؤُلاَءِ قَالُوا قُرَيْشٌ . قَالَ فَمَنْ هَذَا الشَّيْخُ قَالُوا ابْنُ عُمَرَ . فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَحَدِّثْنِي أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ بِحُرْمَةِ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ أَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ فَرَّ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ . قَالَ أَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ تَغَيَّبَ عَنْ بَيْعَةِ الرِّضْوَانِ فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ . قَالَ أَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ تَغَيَّبَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْ قَالَ نَعَمْ . قَالَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ تَعَالَ أُبَيِّنْ لَكَ مَا سَأَلْتَ عَنْهُ أَمَّا فِرَارُهُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ عَفَا عَنْهُ وَغَفَرَ لَهُ وَأَمَّا تَغَيُّبُهُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ - أَوْ تَحْتَهُ - ابْنَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لَكَ أَجْرُ رَجُلٍ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَسَهْمُهُ " . وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَخْلُفَ عَلَيْهَا وَكَانَتْ عَلِيلَةً وَأَمَّا تَغَيُّبُهُ عَنْ بَيْعَةِ الرِّضْوَانِ فَلَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ أَعَزَّ بِبَطْنِ مَكَّةَ مِنْ عُثْمَانَ لَبَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَكَانَ عُثْمَانَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عُثْمَانَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَكَانَتْ بَيْعَةُ الرِّضْوَانِ بَعْدَ مَا ذَهَبَ عُثْمَانُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى " هَذِهِ يَدُ عُثْمَانَ " . وَضَرَبَ بِهَا عَلَى يَدِهِ فَقَالَ " هَذِهِ لِعُثْمَانَ "رضى الله عنه . قَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ بِهَذَا الآنَ مَعَكَ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .
'Uthman bin 'Abdullah bin Mawhab Narrated from:
A Man Among The People Of Egypt Performed Hajj To The House, And Saw A Group Sitting, So He Said: 'Who Are These?' They Said: 'The Quraish.' He Said: 'So Who Is This Old Man?' They Said: 'Ibn 'Umar.' So He Went To Him And Said: 'I Will Ask You About Something, So Inform Me. I Ask You By Allah! By The Sanctity Of This House! Do You Know That 'Uthman Fled On The Day Of (The Battle Of) Uhud?' He Said: 'Yes.'He Said: 'Do You Know That He Was Absent From The Pledge Of Ar-Ridwan, That He Did Not Witness It?' He Said: 'Yes.' He Said: 'Do You Know That He Was Absent On The Day Of (The Battle Of) Badr And Did Not Participate In It?' He Said: 'Yes.' So He Said: 'Allah Is Great' So Ibn 'Umar Said To Him: 'Come, So I Can Clarify To You What You Have Asked About.As For His Fleeing On The Day Of (The Battle Of) Uhud, Then I Bear Witness That Allah Has Pardoned Him And Forgiven Him. As For His Being Absent On The Day Of (The Battle Of) Badr, Then He Was Married To The Daughter Of The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ). So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Said To Him: "You Have The Reward Of A Man Who Participated In (The Battle Of) Badr, And His Share (Spoils Of War)." [And He Ordered Him To Stay Behind With Her, As She Was Ill].As For His Being Absent From The Pledge Of Ar-Ridwan, Then If There Was Anyone More Revered In Makkah Than 'Uthman, Then The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Would Have Sent Him Instead Of 'Uthman. The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Sent 'Uthman [To Makkah], And The Pledge Of Ar-Ridwan Was After 'Uthman Had Departed For Makkah." He Said: "So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Said With His Right Hand: "This Is The Hand Of 'Uthman," And He Put It Upon His Own Hand, And Said: "This Is For 'Uthman."' He Said To Him: "Go Now, And Take This (Clarification) With You."
[1] That is, of the spoils of war.Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3706In-book reference : Book 49, Hadith 102English translation : Vol. 1, Book 46, Hadith 3706
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 3706
This Hadith about Ibn Umar defending Uthman answers three claims made about Uthman. A man from Egypt asked Ibn Umar about Uthman fleeing at Uhud, being absent from Badr, and missing the Pledge of Ridwan. Ibn Umar first confirmed the facts, then explained them. About Uhud, he said Allah had pardoned and forgiven him. About Badr, he said Uthman stayed with the Prophet’s daughter because she was ill, and the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم gave him the reward and share of a man who attended Badr. About Ridwan, Ibn Umar explained that Uthman had been sent to Makkah as the Prophet’s messenger, and the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم placed his own hand for Uthman. The teaching is fairness before judgment.
What we learn from this hadith
- Facts need proper explanation before a person is judged.
- Uthman’s absence from Badr is explained as obedience to the Prophet’s instruction.
- The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم counted Uthman in the pledge by placing his hand for him.
- Ibn Umar answered doubts with clear details instead of anger.
