14/64. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 1303 — Muzabanah and Araya
Something Else About That
Muzabanah Hadith: Araya as a Limited Exception
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 1303
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 1303
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ الْخَلاَّلُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا بُشَيْرُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، مَوْلَى بَنِي حَارِثَةَ أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ، وَسَهْلَ بْنَ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ، حَدَّثَاهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ إِلاَّ لأَصْحَابِ الْعَرَايَا فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَذِنَ لَهُمْ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ بِالزَّبِيبِ وَعَنْ كُلِّ ثَمَرٍ بِخَرْصِهِ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ .
Rafi' Bin Khadij And Sahl Bin Abi Hathmah Narrated from:
The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Prohibited Al-Muzabanah Sales, (Buying) Fruits With Dried Dates, Except For Those Who Practice Al-'Araya - For He Permitted It For Them - And From Buying Grapes With Raisins, And From Every Fruit By Its Estimation. [Abu 'Eisa Said:] This Hadith Is Hasan Sahih Gharib From This Route.
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1303In-book reference : Book 14, Hadith 106English translation : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 1303
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 1303
This muzabanah hadith explains several market practices involving fruit. Rafi' bin Khadij and Sahl bin Abi Hathmah narrated that the Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) prohibited Al-Muzabanah, which is described here as buying fruits with dried dates. The hadith then makes an exception for those who practice Al-'Araya, because permission was given to them. It also mentions the prohibition of buying grapes with raisins and every fruit by its estimation. The focus is on avoiding unclear or unsafe exchange in produce sales, while keeping the araya exception in its place. The wording helps readers see the difference between a general ban and a specific permission.
What we learn from this hadith
- Al-Muzabanah sales were prohibited in the wording of this hadith.
- Al-'Araya is mentioned as an exception for those allowed to practice it.
- The hadith warns against fruit exchanges based on uncertain estimation.
- Clear and fair trading protects buyers and sellers from dispute.
