14/70. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 1311 — Advance Payment Rules
What Has Been Related About Payment In Advance For Food And Fruit
Advance Payment Hadith: Known Measure and Time
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 1311
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 1311
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمِنْهَالِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي الثَّمَرِ فَقَالَ " مَنْ أَسْلَفَ فَلْيُسْلِفْ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ " . قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبْزَى . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَجَازُوا السَّلَفَ فِي الطَّعَامِ وَالثِّيَابِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا يُعْرَفُ حَدُّهُ وَصِفَتُهُ وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي السَّلَمِ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ فَرَأَى بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمُ السَّلَمَ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ جَائِزًا . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ . وَكَرِهَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمُ السَّلَمَ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَأَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ . أَبُو الْمِنْهَالِ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مُطْعِمٍ .
Ibn 'Abbas Narrated from:
When The Prophet (ﷺ) Arrived In Al-Madinah, They Were Paying In Advance For Fruits. So He Said: 'Whoever Pays In Advance, Then Let Him Pay In Advance For Known Measurements (Of Dates), And Known Weights For A Specified Period Of Time.'" He Said: There Are Narrations On This Topic From Ibn Abi Awfa And 'Abdur-Rahman Bin Abza.[Abu 'Eisa Said:] The Hadith Of Ibn 'Abbas Is A Hasan Sahih Hadith. This Is Acted Upon According To The People Of Knowledge Among The Companions Of The Prophet (ﷺ) And Others. They Allow For Advanced Payments On Food, Garments And Other Things In Which The Limits And Description Are Known. They Differed Over Delay In Delivery Of Animals.Some Of The People Of Knowledge Among The Companions Of The Prophet (ﷺ) And Others Thought That Delay In Delivery Of Animals Is Allowed. This Is The View Of Ash-Shafi'I, Ahmad And Ishaq. Some Of The People Of Knowledge Among The Companions Of The Prophet (ﷺ) And Others, Disliked Delay In Delivery Of Animals. This Is The Saying Of Sufyan And The People Of Al-Kufah. And Abu Al-Minhal'S (A Narrator) Name Is 'Abdur-Rahman Bin Mut'Im.
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1311In-book reference : Book 14, Hadith 114English translation : Vol. 3, Book 12, Hadith 1311
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 1311
This advance payment hadith explains an important rule for paying ahead. Ibn 'Abbas narrated that when the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) arrived in Al-Madinah, people were paying in advance for fruits. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) did not leave the practice without rules. He said that whoever pays in advance should do so for a known measurement, a known weight, and a specified period of time. The narration also mentions that people of knowledge allowed advance payment in things whose limits and descriptions are known. Staying with the hadith text, the main point is clarity. When payment is made before delivery, the amount, weight, and time should not be vague.
What we learn from this hadith
- Advance payment should be tied to a known measurement.
- Known weight is also required in the wording of the hadith.
- The delivery period should be specified.
- Clear descriptions reduce dispute in future delivery.
