47/5. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 3039 — Recompense for Evil
Regarding Surat An-Nisa
Recompense for Evil Deeds: Abu Bakr’s Concern
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 3039
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 3039
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُوسَى، وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ، أَخْبَرَنِي مَوْلَى ابْنِ سَبَّاعٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ، قَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ : ( مَنْ يَعْمَلْ سُوءًا يُجْزَ بِهِ وَلاَ يَجِدْ لَهُ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلِيًّا وَلاَ نَصِيرًا ) فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَلاَ أُقْرِئُكَ آيَةً أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَىَّ " . قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ . قَالَ فَأَقْرَأَنِيهَا فَلاَ أَعْلَمُ إِلاَّ أَنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ وَجَدْتُ انْقِصَامًا فِي ظَهْرِي فَتَمَطَّأْتُ لَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَا شَأْنُكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ " . قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي وَأَيُّنَا لَمْ يَعْمَلْ سُوءًا وَإِنَّا لَمَجْزِيُّونَ بِمَا عَمِلْنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَمَّا أَنْتَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ فَتُجْزَوْنَ بِذَلِكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى تَلْقَوُا اللَّهَ وَلَيْسَ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبٌ وَأَمَّا الآخَرُونَ فَيُجْمَعُ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ حَتَّى يُجْزَوْا بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ وَفِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَقَالٌ . مُوسَى بْنُ عُبَيْدَةَ يُضَعَّفُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ ضَعَّفَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَمَوْلَى ابْنِ سَبَّاعٍ مَجْهُولٌ . وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ غَيْرِ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ أَيْضًا . وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ .
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq Narrated from:
I Was With The Prophet (ﷺ) When This Ayah Was Revealed To Him:Whoever Works Evil Will Have The Recompense Of It (4:123).So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Said: 'O Abu Bakr! Shall I Recite To You An Ayah Revealed To Me?' I Said: 'Of Course O Messenger Of Allah!' So He Recited It To Me, And I Do Not Know Except That I Found It As A Fatal Blow, But I Repressed It. So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Said: 'What Is Bothering You O Abu Bakr?' I Said: 'O Messenger Of Allah! May My Father And My Mother Be Your Ransom! Which Of Us Has Not Done Evil - And Yet We Shall Be Recompensed For What We Have Done?' So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Said: 'As For You O Abu Bakr, And The Believers, They Will Be Recompensed For That In The World Until They Meet Allah And They Have No Sins. As For The Others, Then That Will Be Collected For Them Until They Are Recompensed For It On The Day Of Judgement.'
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3039In-book reference : Book 47, Hadith 91English translation : Vol. 5, Book 44, Hadith 3039
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 3039
This hadith speaks about recompense for evil deeds. Abu Bakr was with the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) when the verse was revealed: whoever works evil will have the recompense of it. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) recited it to him, and Abu Bakr felt deeply shaken. He asked which of them had not done evil, if they would all be recompensed for what they had done. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) answered that Abu Bakr and the believers would be recompensed for that in the world until they meet Allah without sins, while others would have it collected for the Day of Judgment. The narration teaches fear, honesty, and hope together.
What we learn from this hadith
- Abu Bakr was deeply affected by the verse about evil deeds.
- The companions feared accountability and did not take sin lightly.
- The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) explained that believers may face recompense in this world.
- The narration points to meeting Allah after sins have been dealt with.
