47/9. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 3079 — Spoils of Badr
Regarding Surat Al-Anfal
Hadith About the Spoils of War at Badr
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 3079
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 3079
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ بَهْدَلَةَ، عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ جِئْتُ بِسَيْفٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ شَفَى صَدْرِي مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَوْ نَحْوَ هَذَا هَبْ لِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ . فَقَالَ " هَذَا لَيْسَ لِي وَلاَ لَكَ " . فَقُلْتُ عَسَى أَنْ يُعْطَى هَذَا مَنْ لاَ يُبْلِي بَلاَئِي فَجَاءَنِي الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ " إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي وَلَيْسَ لِي وَقَدْ صَارَ لِي وَهُوَ لَكَ " . قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ : ( يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ ) الآيَةَ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ أَيْضًا . وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ .
Narrated Mus'ab bin Sa'd: From His Father Who Said: "On The Day Of Badr I Brought A Sword So I Said: 'O Messenger Of Allah! Indeed Allah Has Satisfied My Breast (I.E. My Desire) On The Idolaters - Or Something Like That - Give Me This Sword.' So He Said: 'This Is Not For Me, Nor Is It For You.' I Said: 'Perhaps He Will Give This To Someone Who Did Not Go Through Some Struggle I Went Through (Fighting).' So The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Came To Me [And He Said:] 'You Asked Me, But It Was Not Up To Me. But Now It Has Occurred That It Is Up To Me, So It Is Yours.'" He Said: "So (The Following) Was Revealed: They Ask You About The Spoils Of War (8:1)."
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3079In-book reference : Book 47, Hadith 131English translation : Vol. 5, Book 44, Hadith 3079
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 3079
This hadith about the spoils of war at Badr tells of Sa'd bringing a sword after the battle. He asked the Messenger of Allah to give it to him, saying that Allah had satisfied his desire against the idolaters. The Prophet first said that it was not for him and not for Sa'd. Sa'd thought it might be given to someone who had not struggled as he had. Later, the Messenger of Allah came back and told him that when he first asked, it had not been up to him, but now it had become up to him, so the sword was his. The narration says the verse, They ask you about the spoils of war, was revealed. The main lesson is that distribution followed Allah's command, not personal claim alone.
What we learn from this hadith
- Sa'd asked for a sword after Badr.
- The Prophet first said the matter was not for him or Sa'd.
- The ruling changed after the matter became placed with the Prophet.
- The verse about spoils of war is linked to this event.
