47/26. Chapter:
Jami at-Tirmidhi 3183 — Major Sins and Qur'an Warning
Regarding Surat Al-Furqan
Major Sins Hadith with Qur'an 25:68-69
Jami at-Tirmidhi : 3183
Jami at-TirmidhiHadith Number 3183
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ أَبُو زَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ وَاصِلٍ الأَحْدَبِ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَىُّ الذَّنْبِ أَعْظَمُ قَالَ " أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ وَأَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مَعَكَ أَوْ مِنْ طَعَامِكَ وَأَنْ تَزْنِيَ بِحَلِيلَةِ جَارِكَ " . قَالَ وَتَلاَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ : (والَّذِينَ لاَ يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلاَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ وَلاَ يَزْنُونَ وَمَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثَامًا * يُضَاعَفْ لَهُ الْعَذَابُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَيَخْلُدْ فِيهِ مُهَانًا ) . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ وَالأَعْمَشِ أَصَحُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ وَاصِلٍ لأَنَّهُ زَادَ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ رَجُلاً . حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ وَاصِلٍ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَحْوَهُ . قَالَ وَهَكَذَا رَوَى شُعْبَةُ عَنْ وَاصِلٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ عَمْرَو بْنَ شُرَحْبِيلَ .
`Abdullah Narrated from:
I Asked The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) Which Sin Is The Worst.' He Said: 'That You Make An Equal To Allah While It Is He Who Created You, That You Kill Your Child So That He Not Eat With You - Or Because Of Your Food, That You Commit Adultery With Your Neighbor'S Wife.'"He Said: "And He Recited This Ayah: 'And Those Who Invoke Not Any Other God Along With Allah, Nor Kill Such Life As Allah Has Forbidden, Except For What Is Required, Nor Commit Illegal Sexual Intercourse - And Whoever Does That Shall Receive Punishment. The Torment Will Be Doubled For Him On The Day Of Resurrection, And He Will Abide Therein In Disgrace (25:68 & 69).'"
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3183In-book reference : Book 47, Hadith 235English translation : Vol. 5, Book 44, Hadith 3183
Summary of Jami at-Tirmidhi Hadith 3183
This hadith repeats the question about the worst sin and gives a clear answer. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) mentioned making an equal to Allah while He created you, killing a child so the child does not eat with you, and committing adultery with the neighbor's wife. What makes this narration especially clear is that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) then recited verses from Surah Al-Furqan. The verses mention not calling upon another god with Allah, not killing a life Allah has forbidden except by right, and not committing illegal sexual intercourse. The explanation must stay with the text: these acts are named as major sins and tied to a Qur'anic warning.
What we learn from this hadith
- The hadith connects major sins with clear Qur'anic warning.
- Shirk, unlawful killing, and zina are not treated as private mistakes only.
- Fear of sharing food is not an excuse for harming a child.
- Neighborly trust makes betrayal with a neighbor's wife even more serious.
