43/14. Chapter:

If somebody lends something and the possessor gets bankrupt

وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ إِذَا أَفْلَسَ وَتَبَيَّنَ لَمْ يَجُزْ عِتْقُهُ، وَلاَ بَيْعُهُ وَلاَ شِرَاؤُهُ. وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ قَضَى عُثْمَانُ مَنِ اقْتَضَى مِنْ حَقِّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفْلِسَ فَهْوَ لَهُ، وَمَنْ عَرَفَ مَتَاعَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهْوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ.Al-Hasan said, "If somebody becomes bankrupt and he is judged to be so, he is not permitted to free his slave or sell or buy things." Sa‘id bin Al-Musayyab said, "'Uthman gave a verdict that if a creditor took something from the debtor before the latter was declared bankrupt, it would belong to him (i.e., the other creditors would have no right to take it), and if the creditor recognized his things, he had more right to restore them (than any other creditor)."

Sahih BukhariHadith Number 2402

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرِ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ، سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَوْ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ مَالَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ أَوْ إِنْسَانٍ قَدْ أَفْلَسَ، فَهْوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ‏"‏‏.‏

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "If a man finds his very things with a bankrupt, he has more right to take them back than anyone else."

Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 2402In-book reference : Book 43, Hadith 18USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 3, Book 41, Hadith 587

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