35b/45: Chapter

Sunan an-Nasai 3886 — Rules for Fair Agricultural Trade

Mentioning The Differing Hadiths Regarding The Prohibition Of Leasing Out Land In Return For One Third, Or One Quarter Of The Harvest And The Different Wordings Reported By The Narrators

Rafi' bin Khadij Hadith on Forbidden Farm Sales

Sunan an-NasaiHadith Number 3886

أَخْبَرَنَا زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حُمْرَانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ بْنِ الْعَلاَءِ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ‏.‏‏ رَوَاهُ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ‏.‏‏

Rafi' bin Khadij Narrated from:

The Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah.

Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 3886In-book reference : Book 35b, Hadith 30English translation : Vol. 4, Book 35, Hadith 3917

Summary of Sunan an-Nasai Hadith 3886

This hadith from Rafi' bin Khadij repeats a clear Prophetic prohibition: the Messenger of Allah forbade Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah. These terms relate to agricultural transactions, so the narration is often found by people searching for Islamic rules on farm sales. The text itself is concise. It does not explain the full form of either transaction in this report. For that reason, a sound explanation should not attach extra conditions to it. The direct lesson is to avoid both practices and to take care when crops, land, or produce are exchanged through a contract. A Muslim should know what kind of transaction is being offered and should not treat an unfamiliar trade name as harmless without checking its meaning. The hadith keeps the boundary simple and clear.

What we learn from this hadith

  • Rafi' bin Khadij reports a prohibition of Al-Muhaqalah.
  • He also reports a prohibition of Al-Muzabanah.
  • Care is needed when making contracts involving crops or farmland.
  • An unfamiliar transaction should be understood before it is accepted.

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